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Clarion Help | 1991-07-24 | 24KB | 581 lines

Compiler Errors E @15/30: '.' WAS NOT EXPECTED HERE E @20/5: 'ALERS' IS NOT A PROCEDURE E @27/5: 'OR' IS INVALID IN THIS EXPRESSION E @27/5: 'OR' - OPERATOR CANNOT BEGIN A STATEMENT Press Esc to correct errors Press Enter to continue The CLARION Compiler Source File:C:\PHONES\PHONES.CLA Listing Yes No This is the Compiler tutorial. It should be viewed after the Designer tutorial. The Designer tutorial generated the source code for a phone directory application into seven modules: PHONES.CLA and PHONES1.CLA through PHONES6.CLA. PHONES.CLA is a program module. It contains a MAP structure that names the other source modules in the application. A program module also contains the global data for an application. Global data can be used by any procedure in any module. In our application, the PHONEBK file is global. PHONES1.CLA through PHONES6.CLA are member modules. Member modules contain procedures and functions that can use data declared in a program module. Data declared in a member module can be used only by its own procedure or function. This is Compiler's base window. The Source File field has been filled in for us with the name of the program module generated for the PHONES application (PHONES.CLA). We will compile this module and we will request a listing. The listing will be written to a file named PHONES.LST. Using Editor, we have introduced errors into PHONES1.CLA. Let's compile it and see what happens. This is the Compiler Errors window. To correct the errors, press the Esc key. Editor will then be executed. Editor will load the module, scroll to the first error, and display an error message. But we are getting ahead of ourselves. This completes the Compiler tutorial. The Processor tutorial should be viewed next. The CLARION Debugger Stopped for:Ctrl-Break Stopped at :PHONES2/GET_PHONE/34 (Ctrl-S for Source) Called from:PHONES1/SHOW_PHONES/78 (Ctrl-F for Source) Memory left:118K (Ctrl-X to execute) Trace DISPLAY DUMP Jump to : (26 thru 63) Break at: Variables Press Ctrl-Enter to resume or Ctrl-Break to exit Press Ctrl-P to peek then any key to debug This is the Clarion Debugger window. The top section of the window gives the current program status. The program was stopped because we pressed Ctrl_Break. A program will also stop for a STOP statement in the program or a break point set by the Debugger window. When we pressed Ctrl-Break, the program was executing statement number 34 in the GET_PHONE procedure. GET_PHONE was called from statement number 78 in the SHOW_PHONE procedure. There was 118K of memory that was not being used. Let's press Ctrl-S to see where the program stopped. We can trace a program by recording every statement number that was executed. STEP displays this trace window every time the program branches. DISPLAY displays the trace window each time it fills with statement numbers. And DUMP writes the statement numbers to a disk file. We can "jump" to a different statement in GET_PHONE by entering a statement number and resuming program execution. (Statement numbers 26 thru 63 are the only executable statements in GET_PHONE.) And we can set break points at any statement number in any procedure. We can watch or set the value of variables. Just enter a variable name and, optionally; a new value. The Debugger remembers your watch variables and displays them every step or break point. Pressing Ctrl-Break from the Debugger terminates the program. Ctrl-P temporarily removes the Debugger window so you can see "behind" it. The next keystroke restores the Debugger window. We will press Ctrl-Enter to resume the program. This completes the Processor Tutorial. The Translator tutorial should be viewed next. Update Directory Name Address City State: Zip Telephone : Update Directory Name :Kemp, Kim Address :56 Plum Ave City State:Miami, Fl Zip :33050 Telephone :491-5856 There is nothing in our PHONEBK file, so PHONES "pops up" the form window for us to make the first entry. Phone Directory Update Directory Print Directory Quit This is the menu screen we designed. The up and down arrow keys move the selector bar. (So do the "U", "P" and "Q" keys.) This is what we get if we press F1 (Help). Let's take a look at "Update Directory". 29 LOOP )!LOOP THRU AL ALERT &!TURN OFF THE ALERT(ACCEPT_KEY) !ALERT ON SCR ALERT(REJECT_KEY) !ALERT ON SCR ACCEPT %!GET THE NEXT IF KEYCODE() = REJECT_KEY THEN RETURN. !RETURN ON SC EDIT_RANGE# = FIELD !SET ONE FIEL IF KEYCODE() = ACCEPT_KEY !ON SCREEN AC UPDATE #! MOVE FIELD EDIT_RANGE# = ?LAST_FIELD AND EDIT LOOP FIELD# = FIELD() TO EDIT_RANGE# !EDIT FIELDS CASE FIELD# !JUMP TO FIEL OF ?FIRST_FIELD !FROM THE FIR IF KEY_CODE() = ESC_KEY THEN RETURN. ! RETURN ON OF ?PHN:NAME !Name OF ?PHN:ADDRESS !Address OF ?PHN:CITY_STATE !City and Sta OF ?PHN:ZIP !Zip Code OF ?PHN:PHONE !Telephone Nu !!LOOP THRU ALL THE FIELDS !!TURN OFF THE ALERT KEYS PT_KEY) !ALERT ON SCREEN ACCEPT CT_KEY) !ALERT ON SCREEN REJECT !!GET THE NEXT FIELD () = REJECT_KEY THEN RETURN. !RETURN ON SCREEN REJECT KEY # = FIELD !SET ONE FIELD EDIT RANGE () = ACCEPT_KEY !ON SCREEN ACCEPT !! MOVE FIELDS FROM SCREEN GE# = ?LAST_FIELD AND EDIT THE REST OF THEM To see more source code, we can scroll forward with the PgDn key. Or backward with the PgUp key. We can scroll horizontally to the right with the End key. And back to the left with the Home key. We press Esc to remove the source window. The CLARION Processor Program:C:\PHONES\PHONES.PRO This is the the Processor tutorial. It should be viewed after the Compiler tutorial. The Compiler tutorial compiled source programs generated by the Designer tutorial. Compiler produces a processor module for each source module it compiles. For PHONES, the Compiler tutorial produced PHONES.PRO and PHONES1.PRO through PHONES6.PRO. The processor modules contain Clarion pseudo code--the language of an imaginary Clarion computer. Processor loads all the processor modules for a program and executes them. The benefits of using the Processor are testing without linking and interpretive debugging. This is the Processor's base window. If Processor were invoked by Shift-F7 or Shift-F8, it would start execution without stopping here. To test PHONES, we press the Enter key. SCLARION CROSS REFERENCE v2.0 :PHONES.PRO 12/02/87 10:55AM VGLOBAL STRUCTURES AND VARIABLES $PAGE 1 VPRE LABEL SIZE LINE REFERENCES VPHN: ADDRESS STRING 36 PHONES3 PHN: CITY_STATE STRING 37 PHONES3 PHN: NAME STRING 35 PHONES CPHONES2 CPHONES3 PHN: NAME_KEY 33 PHONES2 49 53 75 80 89 92 /PHONES3 PHN: PHONE DECIMAL 39 PHONES2 CPHONES3 PHONEBK 32 PHONES CPHONES2 34 47 48 55 79 87 >88 93 94 PHN: RECORD RECORD 34 PHONES CPHONES2 43 60 83 PHN: ZIP 38 PHONES3 SCLARION CROSS REFERENCE v2.0 :PHONES.PRO 12/02/87 10:55AM VPROCEDURES AND FUNCTIONS +PAGE 2 VLABEL MODULE LINE REFERENCES VCHECK_PHONES PROCEDURE PHONES4 2 PHONES DPHONES1 GET_PHONE PROCEDURE PHONES3 2 PHONES DPHONES2 44 76 84 PROCEDURE PHONES1 2 PHONES 13 46 PHONES PROCEDURE PHONES PRINT_PHONES PROCEDURE PHONES5 2 PHONES DPHONES4 SCROLL_SCR PROCEDURE PHONES6 2 PHONES DPHONES2 50 96 SHOW_PHONES PROCEDURE PHONES2 2 PHONES DPHONES1 This is the first section of the cross-reference listing for PHONES. It lists global structures and variables in alphabetical order. the only global data in PHONES is the PHONEBK file. The "REFERENCES" are modules and line numbers where the labels are used. This section of the cross-reference shows all the procedures and functions in the program-- where they occur and where they are called. This completes the Crossrefer tutorial. Let's return to the tutorial menu. The CLARION Compiler Stream Compilation Request Program :PHONES.PRO Listings Yes No Conditional:Yes Yes No NO MESSAGES FOUND IN PHONES.CLA After compiling a program module, Compiler offers to compile all member modules. This process is called stream compilation. Stream compilation is a fast way to compile modules for the first time or whenever global data in a program module is changed. A conditional stream compilation compiles all member modules if the global data has changed. Otherwise, it only compiles the member modules that have been changed. We will request a conditional stream compilation with listings. Our PHONES application is now compiled and ready for testing. Of course there were no errors--Designer is a fine programmer. If Compiler were executed by Shift-F7 (compile and test), Processor would load and execute without stopping here. But let's see what happens when Compiler finds errors. Stream Compilation Summary NO MESSAGES FOUND IN PHONES.CLA 4 MESSAGES FOUND IN PHONES1.CLA NO MESSAGES FOUND IN PHONES2.CLA NO MESSAGES FOUND IN PHONES3.CLA NO MESSAGES FOUND IN PHONES4.CLA NO MESSAGES FOUND IN PHONES5.CLA NO MESSAGES FOUND IN PHONES6.CLA Press Esc to correct errors Press Enter to continue RPHONES6.CLA End of compile 154k Available memory Ahlstrom, Kim 482-4766 Barrington, Bruce 784-6822 Cohen, Rob 491-5479 Dyer, Jackie 793-5847 Frankel, Allyn 791-5833 Garneau, Bob 492-5441 Garrett, Tom 395-8774 Hammond, Brian 782-8221 Herron, John 495-2876 Jackson, Tony 394-6887 Johnson, Don 493-5877 Kemp, Kim 491-5856 Kemp, Steve 468-2588 Kohler, Sue 941-5875 Lavella, Jim 941-5766 Liming, Gary 783-5113 Phone Directory Herron, John 495-2876 Jackson, Tony 394-6887 Johnson, Don 493-5877 Kemp, Kim 491-5856 Kemp, Steve 468-2588 Kohler, Sue 941-5875 Lavella, Jim 941-5766 Liming, Gary 783-5113 Maibach, Tom 492-7536 Mitchell, Steve 395-2114 Nicholson, Ron 946-2117 Packer, Colvin 693-5874 Shaw, Monty 791-6587 Smith, LeAnn 492-5788 Steinke, Bob 395-2877 Wood, Dotti 782-5877 Phone Directory Ahlstrom, Kim 482-4766 Barrington, Bruce 784-6822 Cohen, Rob 491-5479 Dyer, Jackie 793-5847 Frankel, Allyn 791-5833 Garneau, Bob 492-5441 Garrett, Tom 395-8774 Hammond, Brian 782-8221 Herron, John 495-2876 Jackson, Tony 394-6887 Johnson, Don 493-5877 Kemp, Kim 491-5856 Kemp, Steve 468-2588 Kohler, Sue 941-5875 LeAnn Smith 941-5766 Liming, Gary 783-5113 Now our phone directory has an entry in it. After we add a few more, it looks like this. The up and down arrow keys move the selector bar. From the bottom, down arrow scrolls the whole table up. Ctrl-PgDn scrolls to the end of the directory. And Ctrl-PgUp scrolls back back to the beginning. To change an entry, select it and press the Enter key. To add a new entry, press the Ins key. And to delete an entry, press the Del key. That's how our phone directory works--not bad for 15 minutes worth of design and no programming. Now let's take a look at the Processor's Debugger window. We will bring up the update window (with Enter) and then press Ctrl-Break. The CLARION Translator Program :C:\CLARION\PHONES.PRO Create ARF :No RTLink Link Plink86 No ARF Filename: ARF Switches: Use RTL File:No Yes No RTL Name Run Linker :No Yes No Linker Name : Line Numbers:No Yes No ;294k Available memory This is the Translator tutorial. It should be viewed after the Processor tutorial. The Compiler tutorial compiled the source program generated by the Designer tutorial. The Processor tutorial then tested that program by executing the .PRO modules produced by the Compiler. Translator reads each .PRO module for a program and creates a standard .OBJ module. Translator then produces an automatic response file (ARF) for either LINK or PLINK. (PLINK is the brand name of a linker utility copyrighted by Phoenix Software Associates, LTD.) If requested, Translator executes LINK or PLINK and produces a .EXE file which can be executed from the DOS command line. This is Translator's base window. The options entered here are saved in a file named PHONES.TRN. When Translator is invoked by Shift-F9, it uses the existing .TRN file and begins translating modules without stopping for operator entry. When the program is entered, the .TRN file is read and the options are displayed. This is the first translation for PHONES, so it has no .TRN file. These are default options. An Automatic Response File (ARF) is a text file which can be used to tell the linker the information it needs in order to link your program. Among other things, the ARF tells the linker the names of all of the modules that make up a program. Translator supports three styles of ARF -- Rtlink, Link, and Plink86. We will use a Link-style ARF. If we had chosen to use RtLink, we would be given the option useing an RTL or Run Time Library. Using this option will save disk space because multiple executable files can use the same RTL. We will accept PHONES.ARF as a filename. And, this time, we don't need special Link switches. We want to run the linker. It is in the \DOS directory. And we don't want line numbers. Microsoft Link is running now. It runs a long time--that's why we use Processor for testing. But let's not wait it out. Here's what happens when it finishes. We have just created a .EXE file for PHONES. This file can now be distributed without royalties and the end-user does not need to purchase a copy of Clarion. This completes the Translator tutorial and the tutorial series. Any remaining tutorial can be viewed next. The CLARION Crossrefer Program:C:\PHONES\PHONES.PRO This is the Crossrefer Tutorial. Crossrefer builds a cross-reference listing of the global data in a program. The listing shows where a label is declared and every place it is used. This is Crossrefer's base window. To build a a cross-reference listing for PHONES, we press the Enter key. The cross-reference listing is now contained in a file named PHONES.XRF. CERR CMP CMP_W1 CMP_W2 - CMP_W3 CMP_W4 CMP_W5 CMP_W6 O CMP_W7 CMP_W8 DBUG DBUG_W1 DBUG_W2 \ DBUG_W3 ; DBUG_W4 DBUG_W5 DBUG_W6 G DBUG_W7 G DBUG_W8 y FORM_ADD FORM_UPD FORM_W1 MENU j MENU_W1 MENU_W2 Q MENU_W3 PGM1 PGM2 g PGM3 PGM_W1 PGM_W2 PGM_W3 PGM_W4 3% PGM_W5 PRO PRO_W1 D' PRO_W2 PRO_W3 ?* RPT1 5+ RPT2 RPT_W1 RPT_W2 RPT_W3 SCMP 03 SCMP_W1 (5 SCMP_W2 e6 SCMP_W3 A7 SCMP_W4 SCMP_W5 SERR 29 TBL_BGN TBL_EMPT TBL_END TBL_FULL TBL_W1 TBL_W2 TBL_W3 TBL_W4 SF TBL_W5 TBL_W6 TBL_W7 kG TBL_W8 TBL_W9 TRN :I TRN_W1 ,M TRN_W2 TRN_W3 eP TRN_W4 TRN_W5 TRN_W6 jU TRN_W7 TRN_W8 XRF (X XRF_W1 XRF_W2 XRF_W3 I[